As laser technology continues to evolve, laser eye surgery has become a popular option for correcting vision. Many people choose laser refractive surgery to reduce or eliminate their dependence on glasses or contact lenses. However, like all surgical procedures, it comes with potential risks and is not guaranteed to be successful for everyone.
If you’re considering laser eye surgery, it’s important to research the risks, understand the types of procedures available, and choose a reputable provider.
What Is Laser Eye Surgery?
Laser eye surgery involves reshaping the cornea using a high-precision laser to improve how light is focused onto the retina. This helps correct vision issues such as:
- Short-sightedness (myopia)
- Long-sightedness (hyperopia)
- Astigmatism
There are several types of laser eye surgery:
LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis)
The most commonly performed laser eye surgery. A flap is cut into the cornea, the underlying tissue is reshaped with a laser, and the flap is then repositioned. LASIK is suitable for a range of prescriptions and usually offers a quick recovery.
PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy)
PRK does not involve creating a corneal flap. Instead, the outer layer of the cornea is removed, and the surface is reshaped with a laser. PRK may be suitable for patients with thinner corneas or those at risk of eye trauma.
LASEK (Laser Epithelial Keratomileusis)
LASEK is similar to PRK but preserves the outer layer of the cornea (epithelium), which is replaced after reshaping. This can speed up healing and reduce complications.
Which Procedure Is Right for You?
Your suitability for a particular type of laser eye surgery depends on several factors, including:
- The shape and thickness of your cornea
- Your prescription strength
- Your age and overall eye health
An eye specialist will carry out detailed assessments and recommend the most suitable option for your eyes.
Choosing a Provider
Laser eye surgery is not typically offered on the NHS. If you choose to go ahead, you’ll need to find a private clinic.
When choosing a provider:
- Make sure the surgeon is a qualified ophthalmologist with specific training in laser eye surgery.
- Ask how many procedures they have performed and their complication rate.
- Discuss the procedure, recovery, and potential risks in full.
A note on surgery abroad: While overseas options may appear cheaper, legal protections and follow-up care are harder to access. If complications arise due to negligence, claiming for laser eye surgery compensation can be more difficult and expensive than if the procedure was carried out in the UK.
Risks and Side Effects
Laser eye surgery is considered safe when performed by qualified professionals, but as with any surgery, there are risks. These may include:
- Dry eyes (common and usually temporary)
- Glare or halos at night, especially after treatment for higher prescriptions
- Undercorrection or overcorrection, sometimes requiring further surgery
- Infection or inflammation
- Rare loss of vision, typically caused by excessive corneal thinning
Your surgeon should talk you through these risks before you make a decision.
Benefits of Laser Eye Surgery
- Reduced dependence on glasses or contact lenses
- Quick recovery for many patients (some return to work within 48 hours)
- Long-term cost savings from not needing glasses, lenses, or cleaning solutions
- Improved convenience in daily life, especially during sport or travel
Laser eye surgery can be life-changing, but it’s not for everyone.
Who Isn’t Suitable for Laser Eye Surgery?
Laser surgery is best for correcting vision issues like:
- Short- or long-sightedness
- Some forms of astigmatism
However, it may not be suitable for:
- Individuals with age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, or other degenerative eye diseases
- People with very high prescriptions
- Patients under 18 years of age, as their eyes may still be developing
- Anyone with a prescription that has changed significantly in the past two years
A reputable clinic will carry out thorough assessments, including corneal mapping and prescription stability checks, before confirming your suitability.
Learn more about laser eye surgery and lens surgery via the NHS and Moorfields Private Eye Hospital.
If you’re unsure whether laser eye surgery is right for you, speak to an optometrist or ophthalmologist who can give personalised advice based on your eye health and lifestyle.